Catherine McKinnell MP: speeches

Speeches

• 30 Jun 2026 · National Maternity and Neonatal Investigation · Hansard source

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  This report is welcome, but that does not make its existence any less tragic. Far too many mothers and babies have been failed, including mothers like my constituent Amie, who late last year was turned away repeatedly, despite reporting reduced movements. Her baby Seren was born stillborn. The NHS spends almost as much on clinical negligence payouts as it does on maternity care itself. Can the Secretary of State update us on progress made following the Lock review into clinical negligence? It is about time we started investing in better care, rather than paying out for failure.

• 17 Mar 2026 · Clinical Negligence · Hansard source

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  I beg to move, That leave be given to bring in a Bill to make provision for a fixed recoverable costs scheme to limit the costs that may be recovered in respect of certain cases of clinical negligence; to provide for regular review of the limits set by such a scheme; to amend the Law Reform (Personal Injuries) Act 1948; to require the Secretary to State to report on options for reform of clinical negligence compensation relating to obstetrics; and for connected purposes. Horrified by the money spent on paying out for failure rather than on improving care, I was already set on bringing forward a Bill to implement some of the findings of our recent Public Accounts Committee “Costs of clinical negligence” report when Amie Evans from Forest Hall walked into my constituency surgery. Her story confirmed the urgency of the issue and the desperate need for change. Amie, a teaching assistant, is a truly inspirational young woman. With unimaginable grace, she told me about the heartbreaking loss of her daughter Seren, stillborn last year, and its ongoing impact. She told me how the concerns she raised about reduced movements in the days leading up to her due date were simply not listened to. The fourth time she raised it, after her due date had passed, it was already too late. On top of being utterly devastated, Amie feels completely failed by the medical professionals who were supposed to be taking care of her and Seren. Yet despite their grief, Amie and her partner Lewis have shown remarkable courage in campaigning to raise awareness and encouraging pregnant mothers to trust their instincts. She has succeeded in getting the hospital to review and change procedures in the hope that no other mother will ever have to experience such heartbreak. Yet sadly, Amie is far from alone. Failures at maternity units across the country have sadly returned to the spotlight in recent years. The Secretary of State was right to commission a national review, led by Baroness Amos. Her interim report, published last month, sets out a horrifying catalogue of failings: culture issues, weak leadership, discrimination, and a lack of transparency and accountability when things go wrong. That lack of accountability is at the heart of the problem. Review after review have found families who feel ignored by hospitals, left desperately seeking answers and concerned that the same errors will happen again. Rhiannon Davies and her husband Richard spent years calling for a review at Shrewsbury and Telford hospital following the death of their daughter, Kate, at just six hours old. Their steadfast commitment to ensuring that could never happen again led to the Ockenden review, which concluded that failures had led to the death of over 200 babies at the trust. Rhiannon said: “All we wanted was the truth about why our daughter died. Instead, we faced years of denial.” This theme of denial was front and centre of the Kirkup review into the Morecambe Bay NHS trust. One member of staff who was interviewed said as she left the room: “Sometimes bad things happen in maternity—people just have to accept it.” How can any parent have faith that lessons will be learned with attitudes like that? In Dr Kirkup’s next review into failings at East Kent, one parent said: “Every time at the hospital, it always seems like one person is covering up for the next; they are a team and they work together, but they shouldn’t cover up when children are dying.” As Chair of the Petitions Committee in 2021, I led a debate on black maternal healthcare, backed by 170,000 people calling for better care for black women, who continue to receive disproportionately poor outcomes in maternity care. I recounted the story of a woman who had said: “As soon as the second midwife was on shift, she just seemed to have one goal in mind and that was delivering my baby as soon as possible. She didn’t seem to care about easing any part of my pain or reassuring me for the many worries I had at the time—she rushed my labour along and as a result almost cost me my son’s life.” This is also personal for me. I had my own experience of poor care when in labour with my first child. Despite being in significant pain, nauseous and vomiting, and waters broken, I was sent away from the hospital numerous times. I was finally admitted as a full emergency, my unborn baby with a falling heart rate and in clear distress, both of us having endured 24 hours of unproductive, painful and dangerous back-to-back labour. I recalled afterwards that the midwives behaved more like nightclub bouncers than carers. One even said to me, I think on the third time of being sent away: “I know it’s exciting having your first baby”. She clearly had never given birth. Fortunately both my daughter and I came through the experience without lasting damage, but when I read the stories of parents who have experienced the worst, I can see how close we came. It is no surprise, then, faced with issues around accountability, denial and a lack of trust, that so many parents have to pursue legal avenues to get their answers. When mothers feel they haven’t been listened to and they hit the brick wall of NHS defensive culture, they have nowhere else to turn. Maternity claims are the highest-value negligence claims and can often involve babies born with catastrophic, lifelong injuries, yet the average birth injury claim in England takes six and a half years to conclude, during which time parents are trapped, having to fight for the support their child needs. As the Public Accounts Committee’s extensive inquiry found, other countries have shown that a better, safer and more compassionate system is possible. New Zealand’s automatic no-fault scheme costs roughly half what England spends per capita. Japan’s cerebral palsy scheme combines compensation with a robust investigation and prevention programme, improving care while reducing claims. Sweden has a long-standing no-blame compensation scheme, where cases are assessed on whether it was avoidable, rather than proving negligence. This encourages transparency from clinicians and has contributed to a reduction in avoidable birth injuries. In Sweden, one baby fewer dies each day than in the UK. In Japan, that figure is two. At the heart of this must be a willingness and openness to seek answers and learn lessons, so that healing can begin and care can improve. That is why this Bill calls for the incorporation of the lessons of existing maternity reviews and asks the Government to draw on international best practice, so that we can build a fairer, safer and more effective system in our NHS. The Bill also reflects the further findings in the Public Accounts Committee report. The Government’s liability for clinical negligence claims has quadrupled over the last two decades and now stands at £60 billion. When it comes to maternity, it is truly shocking that we spend more on failure than we do on the care itself. NHS Resolution is working to resolve more claims without litigation, and that is welcome but it is far from enough. In 2024-25, claims under £25,000 in value cost the NHS £183 million, yet only £39 million—just £1 in every £5—went to patients in damages. The rest was absorbed by legal and defence costs. It is staggering that so much public money goes to lawyers, not to those patients who have been harmed or to improve care. The previous Government consulted on introducing a fixed recoverable costs scheme, mirroring the approach already used in many personal injury cases, and while it was agreed to three years ago, it remains under review. The Bill will put in place a system that will improve this, and I am grateful to the former Chancellor and Health Secretary, the right hon. Member for Godalming and Ash (Sir Jeremy Hunt), for supporting the Bill. There is also a long-standing anomaly in how compensation is calculated, dictated by a law predating the NHS that prevents consideration that the NHS may be the best place for claimants to access ongoing care. As it stands, it can lead to the state effectively being double-charged. To ensure that every pound is focused on improving care and preventing harm, we must finally amend and update this law—this 1948 relic—to reflect modern-day reality. Fundamentally, the Bill is not about numbers on a balance sheet, nor about restricting compensation for those who have experienced harms. It is about the mothers, patients and families who live every day with the consequences of failure, and who are crying out for a system that listens, learns and acts to reduce harm. We have to restore trust and have an NHS built on compassion, not defensiveness, when things go wrong. We must ensure that lessons are learned quickly and openly, so patients get the answers they need and a reassurance that the same mistakes will not happen again. The vast sums of money we currently spend on legal costs must instead go to improving the system, rather than forcing families into years of litigation just to get the answers they deserve. For Amie, Lewis and baby Seren, and for all parents and babies who have suffered the most unimaginable harm, I commend this Bill to the House. Question put and agreed to. Ordered, That Catherine McKinnell, Sir Jeremy Hunt, Marsha De Cordova, Mr Tanmanjeet Singh Dhesi, David Smith, Peter Prinsley, Rachel Gilmour, Mary Glindon, Jen Craft, Paulette Hamilton, Anna Dixon and Josh Fenton-Glynn present the Bill. Catherine McKinnell accordingly presented the Bill. Bill read the First time; to be read a Second time on Friday 17 April, and to be printed (Bill 407).

• 15 Jul 2025 · SEND Provision: South-east England · Hansard source

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  The hon. Gentleman is absolutely right. What we want is a system in which local partners work in partnership. Currently, that is inspected by Ofsted and the Care Quality Commission. I will come to the particular examples in Kent and the south-east that hon. Members have raised. We want to support and challenge local authorities and health authorities to ensure that partnership is real, working and—most of all—delivering outcomes for children. Everything we do is focused on improving those outcomes, which is why we are prioritising early intervention and inclusive provision. We know that early intervention prevents unmet need from escalating. It supports children to achieve their goals alongside their peers, and we have a clear target for more children to meet their early development goals. We are absolutely laser-focused on improving those outcomes for children. On accountability and inspection, Ofsted and the Care Quality Commission jointly inspected the local SEND provision. I read with great concern the inspection reports for Oxfordshire and Bracknell Forest, both of which have been inspected under the new Ofsted-CQC framework. They identified significant concerns about the experiences and outcomes for children with SEND in the local areas. The issues that have been raised are incredibly serious, and DfE officials and NHS England advisers are meeting regularly with leaders and representatives from schools, colleges and parent-carer forums to continue to review and challenge the progress against the improvement plans. The Department has also appointed SEND advisers to provide advice and challenge to local leaders. That is happening is Bracknell Forest, Kent, Surrey, Slough, Oxfordshire, West Sussex, Medway, Milton Keynes, and the Isle of Wight. There are also additional packages of support to provide training and advice in those local areas. It is vital that rapid action is taken to improve SEND services where weaknesses are identified, and that leaders accept collective responsibility and accountability for delivering on these improvements. There is a relentless focus on driving improvement, supporting where we can and where necessary, but also ensuring that good practice, where it emerges, is spread. That is what we want to focus on with our reforms. The number of education, health and care plans has increased each year since they were introduced in 2014. As of January 2025, there were over 630,000 children and young people with an EHCP—an increase of 10% in the last year alone. As a result of flaws and lack of capacity in the system to meet lower-level need, additional strain has been placed on specialist services, which has had a detrimental impact on families’ experiences of accessing support and contributed to creating an unsustainable system. Many parents feel that the only way they can get any support for their child is by going through the EHCP process. However, independently published insights show that extensive improvements to the system, using early intervention along with better resourcing of mainstream schools, could create much better outcomes for children. I know that is what many constituents want to see, including those of my hon. Friends the Members for Aylesbury (Laura Kyrke-Smith) and for East Thanet (Ms Billington). The insights show that more children and young people could have their needs met in a mainstream setting, rather than a specialist placement. That would ensure that they could go to school locally and help to tackle some of the incredible transport challenges and costs, as well as the time that young people spend travelling around. They should be able to go to their local school. We also know that it takes a vast workforce, from teachers to teaching assistants, early years educators and health professionals, to help children thrive. We are investing of each one of these to improve outcomes and experiences across the country. As my hon. Friend the Member for Brighton Kemptown and Peacehaven (Chris Ward) said, high-quality teaching is central to ensuring that pupils with SEND are given the best possible opportunities to achieve. That is why we are implementing a coherent offer of high-quality teacher development for all teachers. It begins with their initial teaching training and goes into their early career teaching support, so that all teachers have the right skills and support to enable them to support students with special educational needs. It will enable teachers to identify those needs and to signpost if needed, as well as to adapt their teaching according to different learning abilities.

• 7 Jul 2025 · SEND Provision: London Borough of Barking and Dagenham · Hansard source

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  I know the hon. Gentleman cares passionately about this issue, and he is clearly keen to see the expansion of provision. As he knows, we are investing in the capital estate in the round, and supporting mainstream schools to expand. We have already given local authorities the funding, and we hope that they are working with their local schools to increase capacity. Obviously, the building of any additional schools is considered in the light of that, because we need to ensure that the right provision is available for the children who need it. We are giving close consideration to that, and are working closely with local authorities, whose duty it is to make sure that they have the places to meet those needs. We have announced that the details of our longer-term approach to SEND reform will be set out in the schools White Paper in the autumn. We are not wasting any time on this. We are already working to ensure that children and young people get the support they need; we are building a robust evidence base about what works to drive inclusive education, and we are creating the expert advisory group for inclusion, led by Tom Rees. We are introducing new regional improvement for standards and excellence—RISE—advisers, who will work with mainstream schools to ensure that they become more inclusive. We are extending PINS—partnerships for inclusion of neurodiversity in schools—to a further cohort of mainstream primary schools, so that we build teacher and staff capacity to identify, and better meet, the needs of neurodivergent children in mainstream school settings. We are prioritising early intervention and inclusive provision in mainstream settings, because early intervention prevents unmet needs from escalating, and is the best way to support all children and young people to achieve their goals alongside their peers. We are committed to working with the sector and our partners to ensure that our approach is fully planned, and developed in partnership with families, stakeholders and the entire sector, which needs to deliver these reforms. The number of education, health and care plans has increased each year since their introduction in 2014, with over 630,000 children and young people having an EHCP as of January 2025. Over time, flaws and lack of capacity in the system to meet lower-level need have put additional strain on specialist services. That has had a really detrimental impact on the experience of accessing support through the EHCP process, and has contributed to pushing up costs and creating an increasingly unsustainable system. The latest data shows that in 2024, just over 46% of new EHCPs were issued within the 20-week timeframe. The Government want to ensure that EHC need assessments are progressed promptly, and that plans are issued quickly to provide children and young people with the support that they need to achieve positive outcomes. Independently commissioned insights published last year showed that extensive improvements to the system using early intervention and better resourcing of mainstream schools could have a significant impact, with more children and young people having their needs met without an EHCP, and in a mainstream setting, rather than in a specialist placement. We have listened to parents, local authority colleagues and partners right across education, health and social care. We are considering really carefully how to improve the EHCP process for families, and are reflecting on what practices could or should be made consistent nationally. Children and young people with SEND frequently require access to additional support from a broad, specialist workforce right across education, health and care. To support the demand, in partnership with NHS England, we are funding early language support for every child: ELSEC. This is trialling new ways of working to better identify and support children with speech, language and communication needs in their early years and at primary school. I have seen this in practice, and seen the difference it makes to not just the children who participate in the programme and clearly thrive as a result, but the teaching workforce, who grow in confidence and in their ability to untap and unlock children’s learning. It is having a great impact, and we are keen to see the results of the pilot, the roll-out, and the impact taking root in schools. Continuing to ensure a pipeline of speech and language therapists is essential. That is why we have introduced a speech and language degree apprenticeship. It is in its third year of delivery, and it offers a really excellent alternative pathway to the traditional degree route into a successful career as a speech and language therapist. Of course, we need many more such therapists. It takes a vast workforce, from teachers to teaching assistants, and from early years educators to allied health professionals, to help children and young people thrive, and we are investing in each of those areas to improve outcomes and experiences across the country. I am aware of the ten-minute rule Bill sponsored by my hon. Friend the Member for Dagenham and Rainham, which is on this very issue, and is due to be presented in the House tomorrow. High-quality teaching is central to ensuring that pupils with SEND are given the best possible opportunity to achieve in their education, so to support teachers, we are implementing high-quality teacher development. It begins with their initial teacher training, continues into their early teaching career, and carries on right through to middle and senior leadership. We want to offer professional development to all teachers, so that they have the skills to support all pupils to succeed, including those with SEND. The partnership for inclusion of neurodiversity in schools is also deploying health and education specialists in the workforce to upskill primary schools, so that they can support neurodivergent children. The support operates on a whole-school level and is not reliant on a diagnosis. That support is there for all children, depending on their needs. Local authorities need support with their educational psychology services, and we are investing over £21 million to train 400 more educational psychologists. As these trainees complete their studies, they will be able to join the workforce and support local authority education services, including by contributing to statutory assessments. We know those assessments are a big challenge, and workforce shortages are a huge barrier to delivering our ambition for an inclusive mainstream education system.